15 slide for anatomy postgraduates

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This training session introduces the anatomy and physiology of speech production, from respiratory support and laryngeal vibration to vocal-tract resonance and articulation. Participants will explore the four functional components of speech, the roles of the diaphragm, intercostal and abdominal muscles, and the laryngeal framework, vocal folds, muscles, and innervation. Clinical relevance will be highlighted through applications involving stroke, surgery, and nerve palsy.