Bone disorders in ckd

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Chronic Kidney Disease–Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD–MBD) significantly impacts patient health, necessitating early assessment of bone risk. Understanding the interplay between phosphate, calcium, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is crucial. Recognising patterns of renal osteodystrophy and associated complications, such as fractures and vascular calcification, aids in risk stratification through laboratory tests and imaging. Effective management involves controlling phosphate levels, correcting...