MEDICAL CASE PRESENTATION ON PRE-ECLAMPSIA 1. Introduction Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder characterized by new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation, usually associated with proteinuria and/or other signs of maternal organ dysfunction. It is an important complication of pregnancy because, if not identified and managed promptly, it can progress to eclampsia, which is characterized by seizures, and can result in serious complications for both the mother and fetus. This case presentation is about a 31-year-old pregnant woman who was admitted to the Gynaecology/Obstetric Ward with pre-eclampsia. ⸻ 2. Patient’s Bio-Data * Name: Mrs. A.B. * Age: 31 years * Sex: Female * Marital Status: Married * Religion: Christianity * Occupation: Trader * Address: Calabar, Cross River State * Date of Admission: 10th September 2026 * Ward: Gynecology Ward * Hospital Number: 0000/2026 * Gravida: 2 * Para: 1 * Gestational Age: 34 weeks * Diagnosis on Admission: Pre-eclampsia ⸻ 3. Presenting Complaints The patient presented to the hospital with: 1. Severe headache for 2 days. 2. Swelling of both feet and face for 1 week. 3. Blurred vision for several hours. 4. Elevated blood pressure detected during antenatal clinic visit. ⸻ 4. History of Presenting Illness Mrs. A.B. was apparently well until about one week before admission when she noticed progressive swelling of both lower limbs, which later involved her face. Two days before admission, she developed a persistent headache that was not relieved by rest. On the day of admission, she experienced episodes of blurred vision and was found to have an elevated blood pressure during assessment. She denied any history of convulsions. There was no history of vaginal bleeding or leakage of amniotic fluid. Due to the elevated blood pressure and associated symptoms, she was referred and admitted to the Gynaecology/Obstetric Ward for further assessment and management. ⸻ 5. Past Medical History The patient had no known history of chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, or heart disease before the pregnancy. She had no previous history of seizures. She reported no known drug allergies. ⸻ 6. Obstetric History The patient is G2P1. Her first pregnancy resulted in a live birth at term without major complications. The current pregnancy had been progressing normally until the recent development of hypertension and associated symptoms. She had attended antenatal clinic regularly. ⸻ 7. Family and Social History There was no known family history of eclampsia. The patient lives with her husband and child. She does not smoke cigarettes and does not take alcohol. She reported having a good support system from her husband and family. ⸻ 8. Physical Examination General Examination The patient was conscious, alert, and oriented but appeared uncomfortable because of headache. There was noticeable facial and bilateral lower-limb oedema. Vital Signs * Temperature
MEDICAL CASE PRESENTATION ON PRE-ECLAMPSIA 1. Introduction Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder characterized by new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation, usually associated with proteinuria and/or other signs of maternal organ dysfunction. It is an important complication of pregnancy because, if not identified and managed promptly, it can progress to eclampsia, which is characterized by seizures, and can result in serious complications for both the mother and fetus. This case presentation is about a 31-year-old pregnant woman who was admitted to the Gynaecology/Obstetric Ward with pre-eclampsia. ⸻ 2. Patient’s Bio-Data * Name: Mrs. A.B. * Age: 31 years * Sex: Female * Marital Status: Married * Religion: Christianity * Occupation: Trader * Address: Calabar, Cross River State * Date of Admission: 10th September 2026 * Ward: Gynecology Ward * Hospital Number: 0000/2026 * Gravida: 2 * Para: 1 * Gestational Age: 34 weeks * Diagnosis on Admission: Pre-eclampsia ⸻ 3. Presenting Complaints The patient presented to the hospital with: 1. Severe headache for 2 days. 2. Swelling of both feet and face for 1 week. 3. Blurred vision for several hours. 4. Elevated blood pressure detected during antenatal clinic visit. ⸻ 4. History of Presenting Illness Mrs. A.B. was apparently well until about one week before admission when she noticed progressive swelling of both lower limbs, which later involved her face. Two days before admission, she developed a persistent headache that was not relieved by rest. On the day of admission, she experienced episodes of blurred vision and was found to have an elevated blood pressure during assessment. She denied any history of convulsions. There was no history of vaginal bleeding or leakage of amniotic fluid. Due to the elevated blood pressure and associated symptoms, she was referred and admitted to the Gynaecology/Obstetric Ward for further assessment and management. ⸻ 5. Past Medical History The patient had no known history of chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, or heart disease before the pregnancy. She had no previous history of seizures. She reported no known drug allergies. ⸻ 6. Obstetric History The patient is G2P1. Her first pregnancy resulted in a live birth at term without major complications. The current pregnancy had been progressing normally until the recent development of hypertension and associated symptoms. She had attended antenatal clinic regularly. ⸻ 7. Family and Social History There was no known family history of eclampsia. The patient lives with her husband and child. She does not smoke cigarettes and does not take alcohol. She reported having a good support system from her husband and family. ⸻ 8. Physical Examination General Examination The patient was conscious, alert, and oriented but appeared uncomfortable because of headache. There was noticeable facial and bilateral lower-limb oedema. Vital Signs * Temperature
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This document provides a comprehensive overview of pre-eclampsia, focusing on the case of Mrs. A.B. It begins with an assessment of her biodata and obstetric history, highlighting critical symptoms such as headache and high blood pressure. The clinical evaluation section reviews her medical background and vital signs, interpreting risks to both mother and fetus. Finally, it outlines management priorities, including necessary investigations and treatment goals, emphasizing the importance of...