Revisiting the thyroid disease through the lens of oxidative stress

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This overview explores oxidative stress in thyroid disease, defining reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant imbalance while linking oxidative stress to thyroid physiology through a pathway diagram. It compares Hashimoto's, Graves' disease, and thyroid cancer, interpreting relevant biomarkers and clinical data, supported by a concise patient case study. Finally, it identifies modifiable oxidative stress drivers, assesses treatment and lifestyle evidence, and applies a practical,...