Upper tract TCC its diagnostic approach

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This guide outlines the essential steps in managing upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). It begins with clinical suspicion and initial assessment, focusing on recognising haematuria and using CT urography for imaging. The next phase involves confirming the diagnosis through urine cytology and ureteroscopy, followed by staging the disease. Finally, it emphasizes risk-based management decisions, stratifying patients into low or high risk, and selecting appropriate treatment options based on...